Greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting is the systematic process of measuring, quantifying, and reporting an organization's emissions. Credible inventories underpin climate targets, ESG and BRSR disclosures, and supply-chain engagement — and they are increasingly expected by regulators, investors, and customers.
Under the GHG Protocol, emissions are organized into Scope 1 (direct), Scope 2 (purchased energy), and Scope 3 (value-chain) categories — giving a complete picture of organizational climate impact.
Scope 1, 2 and 3 at a Glance
Scope 1 covers direct emissions from owned or controlled sources such as on-site fuel combustion and process emissions. Scope 2 covers indirect emissions from purchased electricity, heat, or steam. Scope 3 covers all other indirect emissions in the value chain — often the largest and most complex share of a corporate footprint.
Why GHG Accounting Matters
- Establishes a science-based baseline for reduction targets
- Supports ESG, BRSR, and climate-related financial disclosures
- Identifies hotspots across operations and supply chains
- Prepares organizations for mechanisms such as CBAM and customer Scope 3 requests
How SIPL Helps
SIPL Pvt Ltd supports organizations with GHG inventory design, Scope 1–3 quantification, and verification aligned with ISO 14064 and the GHG Protocol. We integrate LCA and SimaPro where product-level or process-level insight is needed. Our Customized Scope 3 Model complements consultancy with digital capability for value-chain accounting.
For product carbon footprint (PCF) reporting and verification under ISO 14067 / ISO 14040/44, see our PCF Reporting & Verification service.
To discuss a GHG accounting engagement for your organization, contact SIPL.